Asevoimat teki kenraali Augusto Pinochetin johdolla ja Yhdysvaltain tukemana vallankaappauksen 11. syyskuuta 1973. [18], During the 19th century, Chile's commercial ties were primarily with Britain, a nation that had a major influence on the formation of the Chilean navy. Capitala statului se află la Santiago de Chile … ", "Latin American Herald Tribune – Isabel Allende Named to Council of Cervantes Institute", http://164.100.47.193/Ebooks/Writereaddate/52_2017.pdf, "The strongest National League in the World 2011", World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Chile, Countries and dependencies of South America, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Secretariat for Multidimensional Security, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man, Initiative for Infrastructure Integration of South America, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chile&oldid=1010305470, States and territories established in 1818, Spanish-speaking countries and territories, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2013, Articles with dead external links from March 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles with dead external links from May 2016, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing Mapudungun-language text, Articles containing Quechua-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2010, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2012, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2014, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. (Antofagasta), Carriel Sur International Airport (Concepción), El Tepual International Airport (Puerto Montt), Presidente Carlos Ibáñez del Campo International Airport (Punta Arenas), La Araucanía International Airport (Temuco), Mataveri International Airport (Easter Island), the most remote airport in the world, as defined by distance to another airport, and the Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport (Santiago) with a traffic of 12,105,524 passengers in 2011. The law at all levels fully protects this right against abuse by either governmental or private actors. Argentiinasta, Brasiliasta ja Chilestä käytetään toisinaan yhteisnimitystä ABC-valtiot.[5]. This includes Chilote mythology, Rapa Nui mythology and Mapuche mythology. [2], Chilen virallinen kieli on espanja, mutta maassa puhutaan myös saksaa ja englantia. Main sources of electricity in Chile are hydroelectricity, gas, oil and coal. [37] Started under former President Frei, the Popular Unity platform also called for nationalization of Chile's major copper mines in the form of a constitutional amendment. [54], Vuonna 2012 arvioitiin, että HIVin kantajia oli aikuisväestöstä noin 0,4 %, kaikkiaan noin 31 000 henkeä. [134][135] According to the 2002 national census, Chile's foreign-born population has increased by 75% since 1992.[136]. [163] Real GDP growth in 2012 was 5.5%. Edustajainhuoneessa on puolestaan 155 jäsentä. Maa on saavuttanut 13 olympiamitalia. Die engste Stelle im kontinentalen Chile (ohne Antarktis) beträgt 90 Kilometer, die breiteste Stelle etwa 440 Kilometer. Another form of traditional Chilean song, though not a dance, is the tonada. Other European influences, primarily English, French, and German began in the 19th century and have continued to this day. [64] On October 25, 2020, Chileans voted 78.28 per cent in favor of a new constitution, while 21.72 per cent rejected the change. Das Klima ist mediterran mit warmen Sommern. [17] Ensimmäiset espanjalaiset saapuivat Diego de Almagron johdolla vuonna 1535. The raw minced llama, heavy use of shellfish and rice bread were taken from native Quechua Andean cuisine, (although now beef brought to Chile by Europeans is also used in place of the llama meat), lemon and onions were brought by the Spanish colonists, and the use of mayonnaise and yogurt was introduced by German immigrants, as was beer. [57] In January 2006, Chileans elected their first female president, Michelle Bachelet Jeria, of the Socialist Party, defeating Sebastián Piñera, of the National Renewal party, extending the Concertación governance for another four years. Chile also claims 1,250,000 km2 (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica as part of its territory (Chilean Antarctic Territory). Samalla lähellä rannikkoa on syvä Perun–Chilen hauta. Von dort hast du einen atemberaubenden Ausblick auf die Hochhäuser Santiagos und die dahinter liegende Ande… [16], Nykyisen Chilen alueella asui aikoinaan useita intiaaniryhmiä, joista suurin olivat mapuchet. However, like the Texan flag, the flag of Chile is modeled after the Flag of the United States.[90]. Late Paleozoic, 251 million years ago, Chile belonged to the continental block called Gondwana. Other important folk singer and researcher on folklore and Chilean ethnography, is Margot Loyola. Ketšuan puhujia laskettiin vuonna 2006 olevan noin 8 200. Ensimmäisen kullan toivat Nicolás Massú ja Fernando González tenniksen nelinpelissä vuonna 2004, samana vuonna he saivat kaksinpelissä kultaa ja pronssia. Chile gränzt im Weste und Süde an ä Pazifik, im Norde an Peru, im Nordoste an Bolivie und im Oste an Argentinie.Drzue zele zum Staatsgebiet d Osterinsle (Rapa Nui), d Insle Salas y Gómez, d Juan-Fernández-Insle (wo d Robinson-Crusoe-Insle drzueghört), d Desventuradas-Insle und im Süde d Ildefonso-Insle und d Diego-Ramirez-Insle.Usserdäm beasprucht Chile e Deil vo der Antarktis. [139], The Chilean government treats the religious holidays of Christmas, Good Friday, the Feast of the Virgin of Carmen, the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul, the Feast of the Assumption, All Saints' Day, and the Feast of the Immaculate Conception as national holidays. [10] According to the Köppen system, Chile within its borders hosts at least ten major climatic subtypes. [84][85] In total the country has 16 regions,[86][87] 56 provinces and 348 communes.[88]. [12] Since July 2013, Chile is considered by the World Bank as a "high-income economy".[154][155][156]. [26], There are several indigenous languages spoken in Chile: Mapudungun, Quechua, Aymara and Rapa Nui. It and the Lauca River are shared with Bolivia, as well as the Lluta River. The Chilean government has diplomatic relations with most countries. To the south is the Norte Chico, extending to the Aconcagua river. Chilellä on myös olympiapronssia vuodelta 2000. The Congress of Chile has a 38-seat Senate and a 120-member Chamber of Deputies. Die Straße verläuft fast immer auf einer Höhe von etwa 3,5 km. The Andes, as he had done previously Cordillera de la Costa, begins to break in the ocean causing a myriad of islands and islets and disappear into it, sinking and reappearing in the Southern Antilles arc and then the Antarctic Peninsula, where it is called Antartandes, in the Chilean Antarctic Territory, lying between the meridians 53°W and 90°W. Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List, Tausta: Chilen presidentti väistyy huippusuosittuna, Michelle Bachelet sworn in as Chile's president, Miljardööri Sebastian Piñera palaa Chilen presidentiksi, Chile: Administration And Social Conditions, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018, Hydropower Plans Paddle On Against the Current, Epidemiological Fact Sheet on HIV and AIDS Chile 2008, Murdered Chilean folk singer laid to rest after 36 years, Etelä-Georgia ja Eteläiset Sandwichsaaret, https://fi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chile&oldid=19577720, Kotoistettuja päivämääriä sisältävät artikkelit, Artikkelit, joissa on vanhentuneita linkkejä, Sivut, jotka käyttävät ISBN-taikalinkkejä, Small-elementtiä käyttämättömät tarkenteelliset tietolaatikot, 18 de Septiembre (por Primera Junta de Gobierno), Día de la Religión Evangélica (Protestante). The flora and fauna of Chile are characterized by a high degree of endemism, due to its particular geography. [48], Chile suunnittelee vesivoiman hyödyntämisen laajamittaista lisäämistä ympäristöjärjestöjen vastustuksesta huolimatta. Presidentillä on rajoitettu veto-oikeus. Äänestäjien sitoutuneisuus on kuitenkin 2000-luvulla vähentynyt, ja uusia puolueita onkin syntynyt vastaamaan äänestäjien kysyntään. By 2015, the major religion in Chile remained Christianity (68%), with an estimated 55% of Chileans belonging to the Roman Catholic church, 13% to various Evangelical churches, and just 7% adhering to any other religion. [27] Seuraavissa vaaleissa oli puolestaan jälleen oikeistolaisen Sebastian Piñeran vuoro. Chile • Sehenswürdigkeiten mit Infos und Tipps. [13] Currently it also has the lowest homicide rate in the Americas after Canada. The next Europeans to reach Chile were Diego de Almagro and his band of Spanish conquistadors, who came from Peru in 1535 seeking gold. [169], As of November 2012[update], about 11.1 million people (64% of the population) benefit from government welfare programs,[170][clarification needed] via the "Social Protection Card", which includes the population living in poverty and those at a risk of falling into poverty. The intermediate depression reappears becoming a fertile valley that allows agricultural development and human settlement, due to sediment accumulation. The 1891 Chilean Civil War brought about a redistribution of power between the President and Congress, and Chile established a parliamentary style democracy. Secondary school ends two years later on the acquirement of a certificate (licencia de enseñanza media).[151]. Soon after, the country engaged in a vastly expensive naval arms race with Argentina that nearly led to war. CABI, 2008. Kunnanvaltuusto puolestaan valitaan vaaleilla neljän vuoden välein. Chile on pohjois-eteläsuunnassa 4 270 kilometriä pitkä, mutta leveydeltään itä-länsisuunnassa keskimäärin vain 177 kilometriä, siis hyvin pitkä ja kapea maa. It is situated within the Pacific Ring of Fire. Maan eteläosien metsissä elää kaksi sorkkaeläinlajia: pudu ja chilenhirvi. Hier finden Sie eine Liste der Top 10 Sehenswürdigkeiten von Chile! As of 2012[update], 66.6%[137] of Chilean population over 15 years of age claimed to adhere to the Roman Catholic church, a decrease from the 70%[138] reported in the 2002 census. Der Stadtberg Cerro San Cristobal ist bei schönem Wetter ein absolutes Muss, denn es ist DIE Sehenswürdigkeit innerhalb der Millionen Stadt Santiago. Bill Kte'pi, "Chile", in Robert E. Emery. [26], The Armed Forces of Chile are subject to civilian control exercised by the president through the Minister of Defense. [34] Joint public-private public works projects helped reduce unemployment. [citation needed] Finally, Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean is one of the main Chilean tourist destinations. Its large geography generates different musical styles in the north, center and south of the country, including also Easter Island and Mapuche music. [97] Chile had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 7.37/10, ranking it 43rd globally out of 172 countries. Chilen rajanaapurit ovat Peru, Bolivia ja Argentiina.Sen valtakieli on espanja, mutta siellä puhutaan myös joitain intiaanikieliä.Argentiinasta, Brasiliasta ja Chilestä käytetään toisinaan yhteisnimitystä ABC-valtiot. Siellä on monia lumisia huippuja, syviä laaksoja ja jyrkkiä rinteitä. The current lower house, the Chamber of Deputies, contains 67 members of the governing center-left coalition, 48 from the center-right opposition and 5 from small parties or independents. East of the Andes, on the continent, or north of it, on the island of Tierra del Fuego are located relatively flat plains, which in the Strait of Magellan cover large areas. In June 2005, Chile completed a nationwide overhaul of its criminal justice system. Vuonna 2015 he voittivat kultaa jättäen Argentiinan hopealle. [26][80], Air Force General (four star) Jorge Rojas Ávila heads the 12,500 strong Chilean Air Force. In 2012, Chile won its first Paralympic Games medal (gold in Athletics). The northernmost coastal and central region is largely barren of vegetation, approaching the most absolute desert in the world. The flag of Chile is similar to the Flag of Texas, although the Chilean flag is 21 years older. Entlang der Pazifikküste findet man Häfen und urige Fischerdörfer. Real GDP growth reached 5.7 percent in 2005 before falling back to 4 percent in 2006. All six have been judged free and fair. In continental Chile, the Atacama Desert in the north and the Andes mountains to the east are barriers that have led to the isolation of flora and fauna. Jopa Atacaman aavikolla nähdään, miten ”aavikko kukkii” kun vuodenvaihteen sateita seuraa lyhytaikainen kukkaloisto. Chilean education is segregated by wealth in a three-tiered system – the quality of the schools reflect socioeconomic backgrounds: Upon successful graduation of secondary school, students may continue into higher education. This page was last edited on 4 March 2021, at 20:34. In February, annual music festivals are held in Viña del Mar.[191]. [56] Frei Ruiz-Tagle was succeeded in 2000 by Socialist Ricardo Lagos, who won the presidency in an unprecedented runoff election against Joaquín Lavín of the rightist Alliance for Chile. Se on valtion virasto, mutta se toimii samalla myös liikepankkina. Los Andes begin to decrease its altitude to the south and closer to the coast, reaching 90 km away at the height of Illapel, the narrowest part of the Chilean territory. Only if the leading coalition ticket out-polls the second place coalition by a margin of more than 2-to-1 does the winning coalition gain both seats, which tends to lock the legislature in a roughly 50–50 split. Die Highlights und Attraktionen ganz ohne Touristenfallen. Valparaison suurkaupunkialue on kuitenkin maan toiseksi suurin taajama-alue yli 800 000 asukkaallaan. Es ist möglich, mit einer Seilbahn (Funicular) bis zur Spitze des Berges zu gelangen. Chilen keskiosissa, Santiagosta etelään on kuitenkin myös henkilöliikennettä. Chile - Sehenswürdigkeiten. In the 1970 election, Senator Salvador Allende of the Socialist Party of Chile (then part of the "Popular Unity" coalition which included the Communists, Radicals, Social-Democrats, dissident Christian Democrats, the Popular Unitary Action Movement, and the Independent Popular Action),[26] achieved a partial majority in a plurality of votes in a three-way contest, followed by candidates Radomiro Tomic for the Christian Democrat Party and Jorge Alessandri for the Conservative Party. Among them, some are declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO, in accordance with the provisions of the Convention concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage of 1972, ratified by Chile in 1980. Vuonna 1964 presidentinvaalit voitti maltillisen kristillisdemokraattisen puolueen ehdokas Eduardo Frei Montalva, joka pyrki muun muassa maareformiin ja hallittuun kaivosteollisuuden kansallistamiseen. The population is estimated at 210,567, 86.1 percent of whom were Spanish or of European descent, 10 percent of whom were indigenous and 3.7 percent of whom were mestizos, blacks and mulattos.[28]. [124] Between 1851 and 1924, Chile only received 0.5% of European immigration to Latin America, compared to 46% to Argentina, 33% to Brazil, 14% to Cuba, and 4% to Uruguay. Chile's judiciary is independent and includes a court of appeal, a system of military courts, a constitutional tribunal, and the Supreme Court of Chile. Valparaíso [bɑlpɑɾɑˈiso] (deutsch Paradiestal) ist eine Hafenstadt in Chile mit 252.888 Einwohnern. [130] Also, roughly 500,000 of Chile's population is of full or partial Palestinian origin,[131][132] and 800,000 Arab descents. [31] Vuonna 2021 senaatti laajentuu 50-paikkaiseksi, mutta vuoden 2017 vaalien jälkeen senaatissa oli 43 edustajaa. [101] Although the amount of available information is still very small, a first effort has been made to estimate the number of fungal species endemic to Chile, and 1995 species have been tentatively identified as possible endemics of the country. Tärkeimmät viljelyskasvit ovat vehnä, sokerijuurikas, maissi, sipulit, pavut, hedelmät ja viinirypäleet. Cámara de Diputados). [96], Some of Chile's flora has an Antarctic origin due to land bridges which formed during the Cretaceous ice ages, allowing plants to migrate from Antarctica to South America. [19] Maa julistautui itsenäiseksi 12. helmikuuta 1818, ja Bernardo O’Higginsistä tuli sen ensimmäinen valtionpäämies. The territory would be shaped by millions of years due to the folding of the rocks, forming the current relief. [26], Admiral Julio Leiva Molina directs the around 25,000-person Chilean Navy,[78] including 2,500 Marines. The main attractions for tourists are places of natural beauty situated in the extreme zones of the country: San Pedro de Atacama, in the north, is very popular with foreign tourists who arrive to admire the Incaic architecture, the altiplano lakes, and the Valley of the Moon. There have been many arguments between Chileans and Peruvians since the 1800s because they both claim boundary coastal lines. [7], Chilen keski- ja pohjoisosassa Nazcan laatta työntyy Etelä-Amerikan alle, mikä tekee alueen maanjäristysherkäksi. Die Highlights von Chile & Argentinien – vielseitige 10 tägige Tour zu einigen der hier genannten Sehenswürdigkeiten in Chile & ein paar Highlights in Argentinien. Sen valtakieli on espanja, mutta siellä puhutaan myös joitain intiaanikieliä. A new Constitution was approved by a controversial plebiscite on 11 September 1980, and General Pinochet became president of the republic for an eight-year term. Most private schools in Chile start teaching English from kindergarten. Voter turnout was 51 per cent. A long and narrow coastal Southern Cone country on the west side of the Andes Mountains, Chile stretches over 4,300 km (2,670 mi) north to south, but only 350 km (217 mi) at its widest point east to west. [161][26] Chile began to experience a moderate economic downturn in 1999. By relinquishing power to a democratically elected successor, Ibáñez del Campo retained the respect of a large enough segment of the population to remain a viable politician for more than thirty years, in spite of the vague and shifting nature of his ideology. [119], Chile is one of 22 countries to have signed and ratified the only binding international law concerning indigenous peoples, the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989. [7], Suurin osa Chilen joista virtaa Andeilta länteen ja laskevat Tyyneenmereen. [161] According to a 2012 database of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), 61.42% of the Chilean population uses the internet, making Chile the country with the highest internet penetration in South America. [37][43], A military coup overthrew Allende on 11 September 1973. Chile currently utilizes 14,015 Hectares of agricultural land. Then, they choose a branch: scientific humanistic education, artistic education, or technical and professional education. Hospitals in Chile are mainly located in the Santiago Metropolitan Region. [165] There are reported labor shortages in agriculture, mining, and construction. Agnostics and atheist were estimated at 25% of the population. [42] Tehdasteollisuus on keskittynyt merkittävimpiin kaupunkikeskuksiin, Santiagoon, Valparaísoon ja Concepcióniin. The president has the authority to remove the commanders-in-chief of the armed forces. There was a resistance between Peruvians and Chileans for a few years because they could not reach an agreement. Rannikkovuoriston huiput kohoavat harvoin yli kahteen kilometriin. [16] The older spelling "Chili" was in use in English until at least 1900 before switching to "Chile". Chile has appeared in nine FIFA World Cups which includes hosting the 1962 FIFA World Cup where the national football team finished third. Copa Américassa maajoukkue on ollut neljästi toinen ja viidesti kolmas. Nonetheless, economic analysts disagreed with government estimates and predicted economic growth at a median of 1.5 percent. [140], Chile has a Baháʼí religious community, and is home to the mother temple of the Baháʼís for Latin America, which was completed in 2016 and has been described as futuristic and translucent in its architectural style. Geografii. Frei refused to form an alliance with Alessandri to oppose Allende, on the grounds that the Christian Democrats were a workers' party and could not make common cause with the right wing. Talouden kehittyessä maan köyhyysaste on myös selvästi pienentynyt: Vuonna 1990 Tuloköyhyys 29,1 prosenttia ja vuonna 2017 enää 8,6 prosenttia. Liikemies Sebastián Piñeran valinta presidentiksi 2010 päätti vasemmiston valtakauden, joka oli kestänyt Pinochetin jälkeen kaksikymmentä vuotta. Maan keskiosan laaksossa elää enemmän eläinlajeja, kuten kettuja, puumia ja jyrsijöitä. Das Valle de La Luna in der Atacama-Wüste. The coastal plains are wide and allow the establishment of cities and ports along the Pacific. On the slopes of the Andes, in addition to the scattered tola desert brush, grasses are found. Chile, officielt Republikken Chile (spansk: República de Chile), er et land i Sydamerika.Chile er klemt inde mellem Andesbjergene i øst og Stillehavet i vest. [21][19], 1900-luvun alkupuolella salpietaritulot romahtivat ja inflaatio räjähti, mikä herätti tyytymättömyyttä keski- ja työväenluokassa. Unvergesslich werden aber die Eindrücke am Bord des Katamarans, der zweimal pro Tag ablegt. Se toimii maan pääkaupungissa Santiagossa, ja siellä on yli 30 000 opiskelijaa. Important airports in Chile include Chacalluta International Airport (Arica), Diego Aracena International Airport (Iquique), Andrés Sabella Gálvez International Airport [26], The commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army is Army General Ricardo Martínez Menanteau. It settled all its territorial disputes with Argentina during the 1990s except for part of the border at Southern Patagonian Ice Field. Those ships are based in Valparaíso. and Greater Valparaíso with 824,000. [citation needed], The Central Bank of Chile in Santiago serves as the central bank for the country. Chile Sehenswürdigkeiten im Überblick: ... Zwar steht es im Gegensatz zu seinen anderen Häusern in Chile nicht in Küstennähe, doch dafür ähnelt das Wohnzimmer einem Leuchtturm und das Esszimmer einer Kajüte. This development culminated with the 1973 Chilean coup d'état that overthrew Salvador Allende's democratically elected left-wing government and instituted a 16-year right-wing military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet that left more than 3,000 people dead or missing. There are various theories about the origin of the word Chile. Chile ist ein Land in Südamerika. [98], Just over 3,000 species of fungi are recorded in Chile,[99][100] but this number is far from complete. The central valley is characterized by several species of cacti, the hardy espinos, the Chilean pine, the southern beeches and the copihue, a red bell-shaped flower that is Chile's national flower. Understand . Chile had to control sea shipping to Peru and sent out an army to invade Peru on 8 October 1879. Chile ratified it in 2008. [50] In 2011, Chile recognized an additional 9,800 victims, bringing the total number of killed, tortured or imprisoned for political reasons to 40,018. As a result, the top two candidates, center-left Nueva Mayoría coalition's Michelle Bachelet and center-right Alianza coalition's Evelyn Matthei, competed in a run-off election on 15 December 2013, which Bachelet won. [18] Ultimately, Almagro is credited with the universalization of the name Chile, after naming the Mapocho valley as such. After Pinochet obtained rule of the country, several hundred committed Chilean revolutionaries joined the Sandinista army in Nicaragua, guerrilla forces in Argentina or training camps in Cuba, Eastern Europe and Northern Africa.[52]. On 27 February 2010, Chile was struck by an 8.8 Mw earthquake, the fifth largest ever recorded at the time. The result of the bloody three-day confrontation known as the Battle of the Maule was that the Inca conquest of the territories of Chile ended at the Maule river. [139] Irreligious people, atheists, and agnostics account for around 12% of the population. Vuosien 1823–1830 aikana maassa nähtiin 30 hallitusta. [51] At the national stadium, filled with detainees, one of those tortured and killed was internationally known poet-singer Víctor Jara (see "Music and Dance", below). Allende's program included advancement of workers' interests,[35][36] replacing the judicial system with "socialist legality",[37] nationalization of banks and forcing others to bankruptcy,[37] and strengthening "popular militias" known as MIR. Chile slowly started to expand its influence and to establish its borders. Maa vakautui jälleen vuonna 1833. The abolition of slavery by the Spanish crown in 1683 was done in recognition that enslaving the Mapuche intensified resistance rather than cowing them into submission. The creation of two new regions in 2007, Arica and Parinacota (XV) and Los Ríos (XIV), and a third region in 2018, Ñuble (XVI) made this numbering lose its original order meaning. [30] Chile on presidenttijohtoinen tasavalta, ja presidentti on sekä valtionpäämies että hallituksen päämies. [160] Escondida is the largest copper mine in the world, producing over 5% of global supplies. In 1952, voters returned Ibáñez del Campo to office for another six years. Colo-Colo is the country's most successful football club, having both the most national and international championships, including the coveted Copa Libertadores South American club tournament. [38] FAO:n tilastojen mukaan Chilen kalansaalis oli vuonna 2016 maailman 12:nneksi suurin ja Perun jälkeen Etelä-Amerikan toiseksi suurin. Christian Democrat Patricio Aylwin, the candidate of a coalition of 17 political parties called the Concertación, received an absolute majority of votes (55%). Through initiatives such as the English Opens Doors Program, the government made English mandatory for students in fifth-grade and above in public schools. Este cuprinsă între 17º29'57'S și 56º32'S latitudine sudică. However, the Roman Catholic church for mostly historical and social reasons enjoys a privileged status and occasionally receives preferential treatment. Gen. Gustavo González Jure is the head of the national police force of 40,964[81] men and women who are responsible for law enforcement, traffic management, narcotics suppression, border control, and counter-terrorism throughout Chile. Chile nemzeti tánca 1979. november 6-a óta a cueca (chilei cueca). Chilen tasavalta eli Chile on valtio Etelä-Amerikassa.Se on pitkä ja kapea maa Andien ja Tyynenmeren välissä. That the Chilean population was largely formed in a small section at the center of the country and then migrated in modest numbers to the north and south helps explain this relative lack of differentiation, which was maintained by the national reach of radio, and now television, which also helps to diffuse and homogenize colloquial expressions. [19] Vuonna 1641 solmitussa Quillinin sopimuksessa vuonna 1641 Espanja joutui myöntämään mapucheille oikeuden noin 100 000 km²:n autonomiseen alueeseen eteläisessä Chilessä; mapuchet pitivät aluetta hallussaan aina 1800-luvun loppupuolelle asti. Mapuchejen pyhä puu kanelo on myös alueella yleinen. Intermittent warfare continued until 1817. [96] A military junta, led by General Augusto Pinochet, took control of the country. Chile päätti muiden Etelä-Amerikan siirtomaiden tapaan irtaantua Espanjan ylivallasta ja aloitti itsenäisyystaistelunsa 1810, kun Santiagossa 18. syyskuuta maan johtoon asetettiin paikallisjohtajista muodostunut juntta. Industrial output increased sharply and unemployment fell during the Allende administration's first year.[35]. Descendants of different European ethnic groups often intermarried in Chile. Rauhoittaakseen tilanteen maan hallitus perui metrolippujen hinnankorotuksen ja lupasi jopa uusia koko perustuslain. [19], Espanjan valta-asema Chilessä heikkeni ratkaisevasti Napoleonin sotien aikana 1800-luvun alussa. [7], Andien ja rannikkovuorten välisellä keskitasangolla on paljon Andeilta tulevia alluviaali-, glasifluviaali- ja moreenisedimenttejä. Alueiden johdossa on presidentin nimittämä intendente, jonka apuna on aluevaltuusto. [111] Another genetic study conducted by the University of Brasilia in several American countries shows a similar genetic composition for Chile, with a European contribution of 51.6%, an Amerindian contribution of 42.1%, and an African contribution of 6.3%. Chile is among the longest north–south countries in the world.
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