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He hoped that Morrison could help him claim the pardon that New Mexico Governor Lew Wallace supposedly promised Billy the Kid back in 1879. Before he reached the bed, I whispered: Who is it, Pete? but received no reply for a moment. During this fight, the Army was forced to intervene and the Regulators lost many of their men. Out on his own, McCarty slipped across the border into Arizona Territory, which technically made him a federal fugitive from justice though the federal government didnt have a huge presence in Arizona at the time and Henry was pretty much free to do as he liked. Billy the Kid has long been one of the many names associated with the Wild West, alongside the Bob Dalton Gang, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, Cole Younger, Jesse James, and more. We approached these houses cautiously, and when within earshot, heard the sound of voices conversing in Spanish. Soldier in range wars, cattle rustler, horse thief, but also universally described as charming, funny, a good singer and good dancer, at least bilingual, and an avid reader. In November 1880, he and three of his gang were captured, and the Kid was tried and convicted for the murder of Brady. Scholarly opinion is divided over whether that or William H. Bonney, Jr. (the name he used later, as in the trial), was his true name. The Regulators and the new sheriffs forces clashed in July 1878 at whats become known as the Battle of Lincoln. Billy then managed to cut through his leg irons and steal a horse to make his escape. Little is known about Billy the Kids early days, but McCarty was just 21 when he died. Abrams, who lives in Arden, told Albuquerque's KRQE-TV that he spent the next several months consulting various forensic experts. found himself on the wrong side of the law, The authenticity of the photo has since been disputed, Bass Reeves, the bullet-dodging black lone ranger. Quickly as possible I drew my revolver and fired, threw my body aside, and fired again. He never spoke. Financially, Garrett was a failure. In 2010, many petitioned the New Mexico governors office to grant Billy the pardon they say Lew Wallace had promised him 130 years before, but it never came to pass. When Garrett was appointed Sheriff of Dona Ana County in April of 1896, it took two years for him to gather enough evidence to ask a judge in Las Cruces for warrants to arrest William McNew, Oliver M. Lee, James Gililland, and Bill Carr. Tim Sweet, owner of the Billy the Kid museum, previously said that he was 95 per cent sure that Garrett is in the photo. He soon, however, hailed his friend, who was sleeping in the room, told him to get up and make some coffee, adding: Give me a butcher knife and I will go over to Petes and get some beef; Im hungry. The Mexican arose, handed him the knife, and the Kid, hatless and in his stocking-feet, started to Maxwells, which was but a few steps distant. Garrett was able to get inside the house on July 14 and when Billy entered, Garrett shot him dead. For those of you scratching your heads wondering who Billy the Kid is; he is the western outlaw also known as William Bonney. Billy supposedly aimed his gun at Poe while backing into the nearest door, which happened to be Maxwells bedroom. Exactly how Billy the Kid was shot to death on July 14, 1881 has been the subject of widespread speculation. His parents were Irish immigrants who came to America and married just after turning 20. The pardon was on behalf of the killing of Sherriff William Brady in 1878. During a card game, Billy the Kid accused another player of cheating. Corrections? Meanwhile, Billy encountered Poe and McKinney and apparently said Quien es? which means who is it? in Spanish. However, the Kid later escaped, shooting dead two deputies and riding out of town Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Billy the Kid: A Short and Violent Life at the best online prices at eBay! After seeing a TV program in 2015 about the discovery of a photo of the outlaw playing croquet, Abrams was inspired to research him further. Brazel used the land to raise goats, which was unacceptable to the Garrets. A struggle or two, a little strangling sound as he gasped for breath, and the Kid was with his many victims. We concealed ourselves quickly and listened; but the distance was too great to hear words, or even distinguish voices. Pat Garrett was away at the time and didnt try to track the Kid until he received information that the outlaw was holed up in a ranch at Fort Sumner, some 140 miles away from Lincoln. As one of the few Regulators whod made it out of the Battle of Lincoln, Billy the Kid Was now a prime target for local law enforcement. After three years on the run and several other murders, Pat Garrett finally arrested Billy in early 1881. "I knew the desperate character of the man," Garrett would later write in his own biography of Billy, "that he was daring and unscrupulous, and that he would sacrifice the lives of a hundred men who stood between him and liberty." There are also suggestions that Billy and Garrett were friends and planned the whole incident so the fugitive could escape. McGinn also says that Wallace assured Kid that he had the authority to exempt him from prosecution should he cooperate and share his knowledge, but that Wallace never held up his end of the deal. Garrettwas dismissed in1906 and returned to New Mexico. The Billy the Kid Museum opened in Hico nearly 40 years after Robertss death, and the city actively celebrates the connection. Once again, Billy didnt stay in jail for long. Wikimedia CommonsLew Wallace, before he became governor. Governor of New Mexico, Bill Richardson, declined to pardon Western outlaw Billy the Kid during his last hours in office. He was then sent back to Lincoln County, where he was scheduled to be executed on May 13. Either way, Billy sensed that trouble was coming and decided to head it off at the pass. He was 57. Together the couple had nine children four girls and five boys. Before I made the discoveries I made in my book, I did not have an opinion on Brushy Bill, says Edwards. Garrett settled a truce with the fugitives to retrieve his deputy, who died on the way to Las Cruces. Offer available only in the U.S. (including Puerto Rico). But before Garrett could get his prisoners to jail, he had to defend them from a lynch mob that formed around the train on the route to Santa Fe. But before that could happen, Billy snuck out of jail yet again and stole another horse which he rode hard for New Mexico Territory where he was still wanted for robbery. Mysteries of the Old West: Did Pat Garrett Kill Billy the Kid? I believe he lived, had many more adventures before he finally died in Hico in 1950. He stated that he decided against the pardon, because of a lack of conclusiveness and the historical ambiguity as to why Gov. Garretts adversaries attained copies of the photos and sent them to Roosevelt along with a note telling the President that Powers was not a cattleman, but the proprietor of a rowdy saloon. Garrett was away from Lincoln on county business when the Kid made his escape. A Los Angeles forensic video expert said facial recognition software indicates that it is most likely Garrett and Billy the Kid in the picture, according to a signed declaration. They are personal things, and things that make complete sense for him to be upset about if his story was true.. On November 2, 1880, Garrett turned to law enforcement. Now, Billy the Kid and the Regulators were in trouble with the new sheriff that had been appointed for causing so much bloodshed and murder. Carl Adamson never appeared at the trial as a witness, and Brazel was acquitted. The moment word got out about his escape, New Mexicos governor put another $500 bounty on the Kid, dead or alive. Even by frontier standards, he was young. Real Clear Life. And this was before McDonald's. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He was buried in the old military cemetery at Fort Sumner next to two of his gang members. Outlaws have a romantic air about them and I think the people in Hamilton County really enjoy having this as part of the history.. Analysis: Did Pat Garrett Really Kill Outlaw Billy the Kid? Exactly what happened after that has been the subject of speculation ever since, but everyone agrees on one fact: On the night of July 14, Billy the Kid was shot to death in Maxwells home. Billy became a fugitive. Adamson agreed to meet with Garrett and Brazel to iron out an agreement. Garrett claims that he stayed in Maxwells house with his men for the entire night. Rumor has it that the Kid has taken a shine to Maxwells sister Paulita, though its likely shes not the only local girl to have caught his eye. In 1881, he was apprehended by Sheriff Pat Garrett and sentenced to death by hanging for murder. Join us for a daily celebration of the worlds most wondrous, unexpected, even strange places. The man who had leased the ranch, Wayne Brazel, alleged that Garrett had drawn a gun on him and that the killing was self-defense. He realized that the law had made its way to Fort Sumner, so he fled towards Maxwells compound. Garrett decided to seek out Peter Maxwell, an old friend who lived in the area, in the hope that he could receive some details about the fugitives whereabouts. After he thought about it, though, he told [Morrison] that he was Billy the Kid. We learned, subsequently, that, when he left his companions that night, he went to the house of a Mexican friend, pulled off his hat and boots, threw himself on a bed, and commenced reading a newspaper. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. in Spanish. As is the case with so many mythologized historical figures, it can be difficult to separate fact from fiction. The following day, the Kid was buried in the Fort Sumner cemetery. The sheriff and two deputies, John Poe and Thomas McKinney, saddle up and set out in search of their quarry. After this look at Billy the Kid, read up on other legendary Wild West figures like legendary sharpshooter Annie Oakley and Bass Reeves, the bullet-dodging black lone ranger. Mblitch CC BY-SA 3.0. At some point, due to the debate, there had been a movement to have the supposed bodies of the Kid and his mother exhumed for DNA testing. Consider supporting our work by becoming a member for as little as $5 a month. Here's how Sheriff Pat Garrett related his side of the story. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He wore a broad-brimmed hat, a dark vest and pants, and was in his shirtsleeves. Frank Abrams, a North Carolina attorney, first spotted the tintype photo in Asheville in 2011. The extended dance of Garrett and his lawman tracked down McCarty to modern day Taiban, New Mexico, where the group surrendered in December 1880. Despite these accusations, McGinn claims that her only link to the administration is that she offered to handle the case for free because of Richardsons lifelong interest in Billy the Kid. But then they took him to the jail house Where they try to turn a man into a mouse. Before the sun came up, the Kid was underground with nothing but a wooden marker for his grave. Once again, Billy the Kid was now on the run. The authenticity of the photo has since been disputed, despite National Geographic standing behind it. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In the dark, Billy had gone to cut a slice of meat. He did, however, manage to escape from jail and go on the run. Although the book was not successful when it was released, an original edition became quite valuable over the years. Well, let me explain by starting with a little history lesson. From his first robberies to his days as a frontier gunslinger to his epic death, Billy the Kid remains perhaps the definitive legend of the Wild West. Whether his story actually ended in 1881, however, is another matter. *Source: Texas State Historical Association. In December 1880 he was captured by Garrett and stood trial for murder in Mesilla, New Mexico, in April 1881; he was found guilty and was sentenced to hang. Whos that?) All this occurred in a moment. John Miller, an Arizona man, also claimed he was the outlaw. About two months later with no amnesty forthcoming, Billy realized hed been had and they were going to hang him instead. However, there is no other evidence of this; we are relying on Anayas word alone for the entire existence of the jury and its verdict. At some point, someone shot and killed Garrett, but exactly who did it has been a subject of debate. The governor agreed and suggested that, for appearances sake, he should arrest Billy and lock him up in jail before taking his statement about the other murder. Hewas elected to the office of sheriff of Lincoln County, New Mexico, winning ahead ofincumbent Sheriff George Kimball. Returning to the building with pistol in one hand, knife in the other, Billy was startled and instead of opening fire, hesitated, repeatedly asking, in Spanish, "Who is it?" WebBut he never did like to talk about it all that much. In July 1881 he tracked down and shot the escaped murderer Billy the Kid. Several said the tintype was likely taken between 1879 and 1880, which coincides with the August 2, 1880, date someone had written on the photo,Abrams said. He also obtained a deputy U.S. Marshals commission to have jurisdiction in other counties. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pat-Garrett, HistoryNet - Pat Garrett Was the Last Great Frontier Lawman, Texas State Historical Association - The Handbook of Texas Online - Biography of Pat Garrett, Robert Garrett - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). He said that the Kid had certainly been about, but he did not know whether he had left or not. He declared them matching in a notarized letter in September. He was reportedly killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett, who later burnished the legend of the Wild West outlaw. The other known pictures of the outlaw were believed to have been taken in 1877, 1878 and 1879. He tried to work straight jobs (hotel worker, ranch hand) but quickly found himself on the wrong side of the law. Garrett gets word that the Kid is hiding out near Maxwells place. The abandoned U.S. Army post on the Goodnight-Loving cattle trail is now the home of rancher Peter Maxwell. Corrections? While still young, his family relocated to New Mexico. Bill Richardson, the governor of New Mexico, declined to follow through with that pardon. McNew and Carr were the first to be arrested. Ive just killed Pat Garrett! Deputy Lucero locked up Brazel, called for a coroners jury, and rode to the location of the murder. At the same time he served as a deputy U.S. marshal. When he was a child,his father, John Lumpkin Garrett, bought a cotton plantation in Louisiana, and he grew up there with five sisters and two brothers. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. He was armed with a knife and a gun. Nobody is sure of the exact date he was born but it seems to have been sometime in September 1859 because theres a baptism record for him from the end of that month. He joined the wrong groups and wound up running from the law. He was bareheaded. Overall, there are a huge number of unanswered questions. Henry got the better of Cahill and shot him, inflicting a wound that would kill him the next day. Garrett and his men laid siege to the Dedrick ranch at Bosque Grande on November 30th, expecting to find Billy the Kid. Quien es? (Whos that? A photo that was bought at a flea market for $10 shows Billy the Kid standing with the lawman who would ultimately kill him, experts have concluded. Little as we then suspected it, this man was the Kid. In the midst of the act, he was shot in the back of the head. The Regulators found themselves cornered and under siege in a local saloon by elements of the local sheriffs posse. All he wanted to do was to get that pardon that hed been promised, and I believe he felt this was his last chance to get it.. In July, Garrett rode to Fort Sumner and learned the Kid was staying with the same Pedro Maxwell who had employed Garrett when he first arrived in New Mexico. The Kid remained and Garrett was true to his word and arrested his former friend. Brushy Bill was very well known around these parts, says Jane Klein, historian at the Billy the Kid Museum. He got in trouble for petty thefts of things like food and clothing, but things got worse when stole some pistols from a Chinese laundry in 1875 and was sent to jail. Bonney woke up and went into the kitchen, presumably to get something to eat. The Washington Post One Mans Quest to Bury the Wild West Mystery of Billy the Kids Death. Interviewed later by a reporter, he took in his surroundings and asked, "Is the jail at Santa Fe any better than this? Unfortunately, by the time the Kid was fifteen years old his mother had passed away from tuberculosis. But this nice, steady job for Billy the Kid grew more turbulent thanks to a dispute between Tunstall and his rivals. In New Mexico, Garrett worked as a cowboy for Pedro Pete Maxwell but quit to open a saloon. Texas. He was buried, it is said, in Fort Sumner Cemetery, with his associates Tom OFolliard and Charlie Bowdre, and the epitaph Palsthough none of them are likely directly under the tombstone there today. HistoryNet.com is brought to you by HistoryNet LLC, the worlds largest publisher of history magazines. At about age 21, Billy the Kid was gunned down by Sheriff Pat Garrett. He would tell people around here, You know, I have a secret and one of these days youre going to find out what it is. He didnt want to tell his story at first. Garrett is the man who eventually killed Billy the Kid, born as Henry McCarty. However, he was unable to remember important events in Billys life such as the Lincoln prison escape, he didnt really look like the outlaw, he was illiterate while the Kid wasnt and finally, his birth date was recorded in his family Bible as 1879. Richardson told the Associated Press on Wednesday, I dont know where Ill end up. He was high-spirited and, as his notoriety grew, so did his cockiness. Now a fugitive, Henry McCarty had to lay low. Garrett tried to break the lease when he learned his creditor, W.W. Bill Cox, was financing Brazel. He said that he had theories as to why McCarty would have taken a photo with the man who eventually killed him, pointing to the cigars as signs that Garrett and his lawmen were celebrating capturing McCarty. Roberts died a month later, and neither Billy the Kid nor Brushy Bill Roberts ever received a pardon. But while under guard by two sheriff's deputies at a home, McCarty killed both men and then fled out of town on horseback.