content theories include all of the following theories except: content theories include all of the following theories except:

Organziational Behaviour, 7ce Chapter 4: Theories of Motivation Chapter 4 Theories of Motivation 4.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Motivation is A) a component of ability, personal traits and desire. b) valence At the end of the pilot, 95 percent of the employees reported that they felt the program had contributed to employee engagement, team building, and environmental stability. Find (a) the final date on which the cash discount may be taken and (b) the amount necessary to pay the invoice in full if the cash discount is earned. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: contingency. Do we need to talk or be silent? When weve eaten to satiation, we are no longer motivated to eat. Operant Conditioning Theory Operant conditioning theory is the simplest of the motivation theories. To have ones needs gratified by the sympathetic aid of an allied object. The Anti-Immigration Protests. A disaster may be caused by nature or have human origins c. A disaster always receives widespread media coverage. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: Then find the difference between the amount of savings interest and certificate of deposit interest. Hygiene A need is a human condition that becomes energized when people feel deficient in some respect. Concept related to Betty Neuman's System Model of Nursing is: A. List of Organizational Behaviour Multiple Choice Questions with Answers: Q1. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. Motivators, which relate to the jobs we perform and our ability to feel a sense of achievement as a result of performing them, are rooted in our need to experience growth and self-actualization. Rather, hygienes refer to job context factors (pay, working conditions, supervision, and security). Because meeting these needs provides satisfaction, they motivate workers. c) Expectancy Apparently, people dont go through the five levels in a fixed fashion. a) work itself. Maslows theory is still popular among practicing managers. b) Higher-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. e) inducements. Although the New Yorkbased company is still growing, as of October 2017 Bombas had donated more than four million pairs of socks (Bombas 2017). The nAff has important implications for organizational behavior. d) Motivation = expectancy X rewards X valence a. Intrinsic rewards satisfy higher-order needs like relatedness and growth in ERG theory. She enjoys feeling a sense of belonging. Why or why not? contingency contracting f. Therapies that strive to help clients understand their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. e) group instead of individual goals. a) 23 A high social power seeker satisfies needs for power by influencing others, like the personal power seeker. b) It is best known through the work of J. Stacy Adams. b) Social e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. b) It fails to help explain any cross-cultural management situations. The group-level approach is generally superior to the individual-level approach in assessing leader effectiveness. Which of the following is classified as a content theory? d) Clayton Alderfer Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. c) an employee's responsibility to teach their managers of personal need profiles required for success in different jobs But managers use theory every day. High-nAff people like to be around other people, including other people at work. The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. According to Orem each of the four constituent theories within the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory include all of the following,EXCEPT: ( Multiple Choice) Question 9. and more. A kind of mirroring of clients' statements. a) Specific goals are more likely to lead to higher performance than are no goals or vague or very general ones. Both equity theory and expectancy theory are classified as process theories. a) achievement On the other hand, SDT would suggest that to enhance intrinsic motivation on jobs that are interesting, dont focus only on increasing extrinsic rewards (like large pay bonuses). a.) benzodiazepines e. The use of drugs to control or relieve the symptoms of psychological disorders. To assist an object in danger. d) Equity d) Higher and lower-order needs become equally important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Physiological, safety and social needs are __________ according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Hygiene needs, on the other hand, must be met to avoid dissatisfaction (but do not necessarily provide satisfaction or motivation).15. We are not born with a high (or low) need for achievementwe learn to need success (or failure). They like situations where the probability of success is moderate. The unconscious is extremely difficult to study. a) achievement e.) growth, The ERG theory contends that __________. b) Instrumentality How cognitive processes as thoughts and decisions within the minds of people influence their behavior. As these needs are satisfied, our growth needs become more active. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. Content theories tend to: emphasize the direction component of motivation All of the following are process theories of motivation EXCEPT: SDT The term operant conditioning is used to indicate that the learning process is based on the results produced by a person operating on the: environment The ecological systems perspective includes all of the following except: a) it evolved from family systems theoriesb) it is considered a traditional helping approach c) it is multi-contextual d) individual and system factors must be considered in understanding a helpee's problem* (pages 158-160)17. c) Procedural justice Matching b. Verifiability c . a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. d) hygiene factors Those are the needs at the bottom of the pyramid (physiological, safety, and security). A high-nPow person may try to convince others to do things that are detrimental to the organization. First, when a need has been energized, we are motivated to satisfy it. To escape from a dangerous situation. action therapy h. Therapy style that results from combining elements of several different therapy techniques. c) Assumed positive inequity c) performance is higher with easy goals The individual level does not impact the group level. As you would expect, high-nAff people are very sociable. a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence Any discussion of needs that motivate performance would be incomplete without considering Abraham Maslow.8 Thousands of managers in the 1960s were exposed to Maslows theory through the popular writings of Douglas McGregor.9 Today, many of them still talk about employee motivation in terms of Maslows theory. It focuses on employee motivation,. It reflects a motivation to influence and be responsible for other people. a) Acquired needs theory b. providing a value system. The Victims' Rights Movement. a) Self-actualization There are four major process theories: (1) operant conditioning, (2) equity, (3) goal, and (4) expectancy. Content theories of motivation mainly focus on the physiological and psychological deficiencies that people feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. In contrast, he can exert a lot of effort and still not catch a fish. To control ones human environment. The diversity of the living world is staggering. a) expectancies Hedonism, one of the first motivation theories, assumes that people are motivated to satisfy mainly their own needs (seek pleasure, avoid pain). That means giving them opportunities to learn new skills, to perform their jobs without interference, and to develop meaningful relationships with other customers and employees in other departments. b) Hygiene factors refer to job content. Whatever their perspective, most people have a cause that they are passionate about. A need is a human condition that becomes "energized" when people feel deficient in some respect. Pattern B. Rhythmicity C. Dependency D. Open system Answer Key 3. Management theories include methods and practices that companies follow to manage their employees and maintain good employee relations effectively. and you must attribute OpenStax. According to Alderfer, which needs reflect a desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships? Pump I is a small pump; Pump 2 is a larger pump that costs more, will produce slightly more oil, and will produce it more rapidly. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. They want others to respond to their wishes whether or not it is good for the organization. To answer this question, we must examine types of motivation. Theyre more likely to go bowling with friends after work than to go home and watch television. McClelland describes three major characteristics of high-nAch people: Why is nAch important to organizational behavior? c) reinforcers SDT theory has interesting implications for the management of organizational behavior. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. Once satisfied, employees will be motivated to build esteem and respect through their work achievements. He refers to these factors as satisfiers to reflect their ability to provide satisfying experiences. To fight. To accomplish something difficult. Task feedback, or knowledge of results, overwhelms employees with information and reduces employee motivation toward higher performance. d) It is more effective in non-United States cultures. These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. c) top-down goals. b) Equity, reinforcers, and goals It is too easy. Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development? Question 1 All of the following are criticisms of Freud's theory EXCEPT: Answers: Selected Answer: c. He relied on correlational methods. e) Esteem, relationships, and growth. 61. 60. They constantly ask how they are doing, sometimes to the point of being a nuisance. c) Expectancy Researchers have used it to identify the wide range of factors that influence worker reactions. This is a manifest need. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. b) Motivation = expectancy X equity X rewards c) internalized negative inequity Our needs for food and water are instinctive. relation to the euro, what is the For example, by providing adequate pay, safe working conditions, and cohesive work groups, employers help employees satisfy their lower-order needs. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. In a management by objectives approach, the supervisor and subordinate jointly establish performance goals, individually act, and jointly evaluate results and recycle the MBO process. Rays sold $3,745,060 of merchandise, of which 50% was on credit. e) Higher and lower-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. 1 . b.) b) Equity Why? psychopharmacology j. token economy i. Motivators relate to job content. But paying him more will not cause long-term satisfaction unless motivators are present. Dec 12, 2022 OpenStax. The person may not have had the opportunity to express the need. c) It can vary across cultures. 52. First, managers should address the hygiene factors. . Four componentssatisfaction progression, frustration, frustration regression, and aspirationare key to understanding Alderfers ERG theory. 53. abeka curriculum controversy. Some people like to knit, others like to carve wood. d) Self-actualization This doesnt mean that they avoid other people, or that they dislike others. d) esteem. As a manager at Icon International, Nicole is driven by a personal sense of competence, respect from others, and recognition through various awards. These eight types of intelligence represent the varied ways individuals process information. e) Physiological, social, safety, self-actualization, and esteem, d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, 63. D) a constant intensity. Theyre constantly trying to accomplish something. With regards to motivation, which of the following best defines direction? Which statement about acquired needs theory is correct? d) power a) Individualistic b) safety. Clayton Alderfer observed that very few attempts had been made to test Maslows full theory. They have very strong desires for feedback about how well they are doing. (After all, doesnt everyone want to be paid well? esteem, social, and Manny is classified as driven by a need for: integrative. According to Roy's Adaptation Model, the adaptive modes includes all the following, EXCEPT: A. Physiologic Needs B. Self Concept C. Role Function D. Interdependence E. Achievement Answer Key 4. A motive is a source of motivation; it is the need that a person is attempting to satisfy. Job content is what we actually do when we perform our job duties. When a person is behaving in a way that satisfies some need, Murray called the need manifest. c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Give examples. They do it because it is intrinsically motivating; the hobby satisfies needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. A reclusive accountant may not have been given the opportunity to demonstrate their need for achievement because they never received challenging assignments. a) the length of time a person sticks with a given action. For example, it is difficult for researchers to ascertain when interaction with others satisfies our need for acceptance and when it satisfies our need for recognition. Job enrichment is one effective strategy; this frequently entails training and rotating employees through different jobs, or adding new challenges. d) Existence, relatedness, and goals a.) Content theories of work motivation include all of the following except the _____ theory. c) People with a high need for affiliation like attention and recognition. In the context of motivation, level refers to __________. [2] In addition to individual differences in development, developmental psychologists generally agree that development occurs in an orderly way and in different areas simultaneously. A. Hierarchy-of-needs B.Two-factor motivation C. Achievement motivation D. Equit y The text focuses on three content theories that have received the greatest amount of attention: the hierarchy-of-needs theory, the two-factor motivation theory, and the achievement motivation theory. Genetic Theory of Aging. Herzberg recommends using _________ to build motivators into job content. OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. b. ERG theory. d) Motivation-hygiene theory As with nAch, nAff varies in intensity across individuals. d) all three needs may not be activated at the same time The general strategy for the practical application of situational theories includes all of the following except? 35. b) Equity e) relatedness. Herzbergs theory even allows for the possibility that an employee can be satisfied and dissatisfied at the same timethe I love my job but I hate the pay situation! To avoid humiliation. Easy Peasy All-in-One Homeschool is a free Christian homeschool curriculum for grades K-12. Individual therapy meets the standard of best practices when it includes all of the following EXCEPT. e) less than two needs must be activated at the same time, c) more than one need may be activated at the same time, Which of the following content theories of motivation is associated with the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power? In the two-factor theory of motivation, __________ are associated with the job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. b) goal-oriented punishments. To take precautionary measures. b) organizational policies and administration. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. To please and win affection of a coveted object. d) specific goals lead to lower performance Where would you place that on Maslows hierarchy of needs? Designing jobs that are neither too challenging nor too boring is key to managing motivation. Webinars can also be accessed in recorded form at any time 24/7 during the 6-week session. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. c) hygiene factors C. Cultivating sensitivity to self and others . b) difficult goals frustrate workers c) Existence, relatedness, and growth If motivator needs are ignored, neither long-term satisfaction nor high motivation is likely. Other needs take over and we endeavor to satisfy them. c) Its essence is that perceived inequity is a motivating state. c) supervision. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. Which of the following statements about goal setting is INCORRECT? a) Existence Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which theory can be traced to the father of the classical school of criminology? As a result, they perform better in jobs that require teamwork. c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. To like to laugh and make jokes. c) instrumentality But what if Lucretia also has a need to dominate others? B. Instilling faith-hope . Strengthening flexible lines of defense According to Rogers' theory "continuous and mutual interaction between man and environment' is termed as: Integrality Which is NOT a concept related to Faye Abdellah's theory? According to his theory, people first direct their attention to satisfying their lower-order needs. Many needs are learned. This need is the second of McClellands learned needs. https://www.employeebenefits.co.uk/issues/april-2017/rbs-boosts-employee-motivation-engagement-csr-approach/, Bombas. d) the order of needs in the hierarchy may differ across cultures. d) Social Question 8. e) feeling of personal growth. d) The theory links motivation and needs to both satisfaction and performance. They should then address the much more powerful motivator needs, in which workers experience recognition, responsibility, achievement, and growth. That is, before one type of need can manifest itself, other needs must be satisfied. e) organizational justice, ___________ is the degree to which all people are treated the same under a policy. b) self esteem Employees can be dissatisfied, neutral, or satisfied with their jobs, depending on their levels of hygienes and motivators. e) The absence of motivator factors causes job dissatisfaction. Why or why not? Exam will be online Sunday, May 14, 2023 We recommend using a a) Reinforcement b. integrative. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo b) satisfier factors Herzberg argued that there are two sets of needs, instead of the five sets theorized by Maslow. To quit embarrassing situations or to avoid conditions that may lead to belittlement or the scorn or indifference of others. citation tool such as, Authors: David S. Bright, Anastasia H. Cortes. Needs can also be satisfied at some point but become active (dissatisfied) again. A lot of fishing, no fish, and no results equal failure! To vindicate the ego. b) the amount of effort a person puts forth a) expectancies a) The multiplier effect is still in question. d) working conditions. e) It is not commonly used outside of the United States. c) Esteem Bitcoin or net neutrality, sea levels or factory farmingsocial causes bind us to a larger context or assume a higher purpose for living better. An employee who is often talkative, gives orders, and argues a lot is motivated by the need for power over others. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. Q9 - Rational choice theories developed in the midst of social events that included all of the following EXCEPT: The Drug War. To adhere and remain loyal to a friend. d. Appraisal of the empirical evidence for and against the selected theory for the case at hand. e) inducements, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by selecting people with proper abilities, training them well, providing them the needed resources, and identifying clear performance goals. Which equation correctly reflects Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation? d) affiliation. 50. b) self esteem According to the company website, Bombas exists to help solve this problem, to support the homeless community, and to bring awareness to an under-publicized problem in the United States (n.p.). c) People who feel they are overpaid tend to decrease the quantity or quality of their work, whereas people who feel they are underpaid tend to increase the quantity or quality of their work. To be seen and heard. d) power a) Safety According to the two-factor theory of motivation, all of the following are sources of job dissatisfaction EXCEPT: Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe motivator factors in the two-factor theory? They recorded $97,440 in accounts receivable for the year and$288,550 in credit sales. microbiology lab final exam answers wordpress com, symbiosis microbiology lab manual pearson answers, microbiology lab manual growth medium sterilization, biology 1010 lab manual answers wordpress com, biol 230 laboratory manual the grapes . c.) physiological, safety, and social. The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. On the other hand, there is some evidence that people satisfy the lower-order needs before they attempt to satisfy higher-order needs. ______________ is classified as a content theory. Placing a company in a larger context and adding a second, higher purpose than the established company goals motivates employees to police the company itself to be a better global citizen. A person can resolve perceived negative inequity by doing all of the following EXCEPT: McClelland calls this the two faces of power.7 A personal power seeker endeavors to control others mostly for the sake of dominating them. Employees with high nPow can be beneficial to organizations. Alderfers model is potentially more useful than Maslows in that it doesnt create false motivational categories. e) The theory fails and does not clearly categorize salary. a) ERG theory collapses Maslow's five need levels into two need categories. This is in contrast to the thousands of needs that earlier researchers had identified, and also fewer than Murray identified in his theory. 6. To accept injury, blame, criticism, punishment. c. He relied on correlational methods. Theory choice. b) How cognitive processes as thoughts and decisions within the minds of people influence their behavior d) Cells are made up of similar shapes, colors, and sizes. The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.. To praise, honor, or eulogize. Bhattacharya credits the success of Unilever, and other companies with similar engagement levels, to an emphasis on a sustainable business model. He outlines eight steps that companies take to move sustainability and social responsibility from buzzwords to a company mission capable of motivating employees (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). McClellands other power seeker is the social power seeker. According to Maslow, Sharon is driven by which these needs? Which one of the following statements about the application and/or implications of equity theory is false? McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. SDT researchers have consistently found that as the level of extrinsic rewards increases, the amount of intrinsic motivation decreases. You may have noticed that content theories are somewhat quiet about what determines the intensity of motivation. It is critical, however, that those managerial jobs allow the employee to satisfy the nPow through social power acquisition. They avoid both simple and impossible situations. High social power seekers are concerned with goals that a work group has set for itself, and they are motivated to influence others to achieve the goal. Performing well on this job wont satisfy their need to be around other people. On StuDocu you will find over 6300 lecture notes, summaries and assignments from LU, to help you pass your exams. For each pair of socks purchased, the company donates a pair of socks to someone in need (Mulvey 2017). Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site ( True False) Question 10. Barton, Tynan. d) Goal setting Which of the following statements accurately describes Herzberg's hygiene factors? Earrings Depot records bad debt using the allowance, balance sheet method. High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. Lastly, the aspiration component of the ERG model notes that, by its very nature, growth is intrinsically satisfying. An example of commutative justice occurs when all parties in a sexual harassment complaint perceive themselves as having full access to all the available facts and information. e) Physiological. Most counseling theories have been developed: a. in a scientific laboratory. b) changing the outcomes received. Which of the following content theories of motivation is associated with the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power?